Chapter 1. Introduction
Time
l     Over the course of the past 30 years, .. has emerged form intuitive
l     Technological revolutions have recently hit the industrial world
l     The advent of ... systems for  has had a significant impact on the
l     The development of ... is explored
l     During the past decade, the theory of fuzzy sets has developed in a variety of directions,
l     The concept of xx was investigated quite intensively in recent years
l     There has been a turning point in ... methodology in accordance with the advent of ...
l     A major concern in ... today is to continue to improve...
l     A xx is a latecomer in the part representation arena.
l     At the time of this writing, there is still no standard way of xx
l     Although a lot of effort is being spent on improving these weaknesses, the efficient and effective method has yet to be developed.
l     The pioneer work can be traced to xx [1965].
l     To date,  none of the methods developed is perfect and all are far from ready to be used in commercial systems.

Objective / Goal / Purpose
l     The purpose of the inference engine can be outlined as follows:
l     The ultimate goal of the xx system is to allow the non?experts to utilize the existing knowledge in the area of manual handling of loads, and to provide intelligent, computer?aided instruction for xxx.
l     The paper concerns the development of a xx
l     The scope of this research lies in
l     The main theme of the paper is the application of rule?based decision making.
l     These objectives are to be met with such thoroughness and confidence as to permit ...
l     The objectives of the  ... operations study are as follows:
l     The primary purpose/consideration/objective of
l     The ultimate goal of this concept is to provide
l     The main objective of such a ... system is to
l     The aim of this paper is to provide methods to construct such probability distribution.
l    In order to achieve these objectives, an xx must meet the following requirements:
l     In order to take advantage of their similarity
l     more research is still required before final goal of ... can be completed
l     In this trial, the objective is to generate...
l     for the sake of concentrating on ... research issues
l     A major goal of this report is to extend the utilization of a recently developed procedure for the xx.
l     For an illustrative purpose, four well?known OR problems are studied in presence of fuzzy data: xx.
l     A major thrust of the paper is to discuss approaches and strategies for structuring ..methods
l     This illustration points out the need to specify
l     The ultimate goal is both descriptive and prescriptive.
l     Chapter 2. Literature Review
l     A wealth of information is to be found in the statistics literature, for example, regarding xx
l     A considerable amount of research has been done .. during the last decade
l     A great number of studies report on the treatment of uncertainties associated with xx.
l     There is considerable amount of literature on planning
l     However, these studies do not provide much attention to undertainty in xx.
l     Since then, the subject has been extensively explored and it is still under investigation as well in methodological aspects as in concrete applications.
l     Many research studies have been carried out on this topic.
l     Problem of xx draw recently more and more attention of system analysis.
l     Attempts to resolve this dilemma have resulted in the development of
l     Many complex processes unfortunately, do not yield to this design procedure and have, therefore, not yet been automated.
l     Most of the methods developed so far are deterministic and /or probabilistic in nature.
l     The central issue in all these studies is to
l     The problem of xx has been studied by other investigators, however, these studies have been based upon classical statistical approaches.
l     Applied ... techniques to
l     Characterized the ... system as
l     Developed an algorithm to
l     Developed a system called ... which
l     Uses an iterative algorithm to deduce
l     Emphasized the need to
l     Identifies six key issues surrounding high technology
l     A comprehensive study of the .. has been undertaken
l     Much work has been reported recently in these filed
l     Proposed
l     Presented
l     State that
l     Point out that the problem of
l     Described
l     Illustrated
l     Indicated
l     Has shown / showed
l     Address
l     Highlights
l     A study on ...was done / developed by []
l     Previous work, such as [] and [], deal only with
l     The approach taken by [] is
l     The system developed by [] consists
l     A paper relevant to this research was published by []
l     []'s model requires consideration of ..
l     []' model draws attention to evolution in human development
l     []'s model focuses on...
l     Little research has been conducted in applying ... to
l     The published information that is relevant to this research...
l     This study further shows that
l     Their work is based on the principle of
l     More history of ... can be found in xx et al. [1979].
l     Studies have been completed to established
l     The ...studies  indicated that
l     Though application of xx in the filed of xx has proliferated in recent years, effort in analyzing xx, especially xx, is lacking.